Bifidobacterium was isolated and described in 1899 by Henry Tissier at the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France. It is a Gram-positive bacterium and inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. Morphologically, bifidobacteria are non-motile, asporogenous, pleomorphic rods of variable appearance, somewhat curved and clubbed, and often branched. Bifidobacterium species are able to utilise a wide range of mono- and disaccharides as well as oligosaccharides due to their enzyme system. Unlike lactic acid bacteria or other micro-organisms, glucose (hexose) metabolism in bifidobacteria is unique; it is often referred to as the ‘bifidus pathway’ (fructose-6-phosphate phosphor-ketolase (F6PPK), Theoretically, through the bifidus pathway, 1 mol lactic and 1.5 mol acetic acid are generated from the fermentation of 1 mol of glucose.
Species:
B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.
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http://myais.fsktm.um.edu.my/2634/1/..._ishibashi.pdf
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